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　　Whoever wins the next election, taxes are likely togo up.

　　不管谁当选下任首相，税收都可能提高。

　　To finance the many costly promises in its manifesto the Labour Party would need to increasetaxes significantly.

　　工党为了给其宣言中的许多代价极高的承诺提供资金，需要大幅增加税收。

　　It has promised a steep rise in corporation tax and a higher rate of income tax for thoseearning more than 80,000 pounds ($104,000) a year.

　　工党已承诺将大幅提高企业所得税和对那些年收入超过80000英镑(合104000美元)的人征收更高的所得税。

　　The Liberal Democrats want to add one percentage point to each band of income tax to pay forextra spending on health care.

　　自由民主党希望在每一个所得税上增加一个百分点，以支付医疗保健的额外开支。

　　The Conservatives, by contrast, like to portray themselves as the party of low taxes.

　　相比之下，保守派喜欢把自己看作成低税收的政党。

　　On the campaign trail Theresa May has talked of her low-tax “instinct”.

　　在竞选活动中特蕾莎·梅谈到了她的低税收“本能”倾向。

　　But she has left the door open to higher taxes, in contrast to her party's promise in 2015 notto increase income tax, VAT or national insurance contributions (a payroll tax which PhilipHammond, the chancellor of the exchequer, is keen to raise).

　　但她已经向更高的税收敞开了大门，这与她所在的党在2015提出不增加所得税，增值税或国民保险税的承诺相反(财政大臣菲利普·哈蒙德急于提高工资税)。

　　Regardless of the parties' manifestos, a look at Britain's accounts makes one thing clear: whoever wins on June 8th and whatever promises they make now, in the coming years the taxburden is likely to rise to its highest level in decades.

　　不管各党派的宣言，看一看英国账户就清楚一件事：无论谁在6月8日赢得了，不管他们现在承诺什么，来年税负有可能上升到近几十年来的最高水平。

　　When the Conservatives came to power in coalition with the Lib Dems in 2010, the governmentwas running a budget deficit worth 10% of GDP.

　　2010年保守党在与自由民主党联合执政时，政府财政赤字高达国内生产总值的10%。

　　As ministers went about reducing the deficit in the parliament of 2010-15, most of theadjustment was borne by cuts to public spending rather than by tax rises.

　　当一些部长在议会着手减少在2010年-2015年财政赤字时，大多数的调整是由削减公共开支而不是增税。

　　A number of departments, such as health, education and international development, have beenlargely spare the axe.

　　如医疗、教育、国际发展这些部门，基本都逃过一劫。

　　But others, such as work-and-pensions and transport, saw real terms cuts off more than athird in 2010-16.

　　但是其他部门，如劳务部及交通部，预算削减达到了2010-2016年间的三分之一。

　　Real spending on public services has fallen by 10% since 2009-10, the longest and biggest fallin spending on record.

　　公共服务支出自2009-2010年下降了10%，这是有记录以来持续时间最长、规模最大的支出削减。

　　This brought the budget deficit down to 4% of GDP in 2015-16.

　　这也2015-2016年政府赤字减至国内生产总值的4%。

　　Departments can make efficiency improvements upto a point, but eventually ever-smaller budgetsmake it difficult to provide core services.

　　部门可以将效率提高到一个点，但最终规模较小的预算难以提供核心服务。

　　From prisons to the National Health Service, measures of performance started to go south fromaround 2014, according to a recent report from the Institute for Government, a think-tank.

　　根据政府智囊机构最近的一份报告，从监狱到国家卫生服务机构，绩效指标从2014年左右开始上升。

　　The rate of child poverty, which fell during the 2000s, is now rising sharply, in part because ofbig cuts in working-age benefits.

　　儿童贫困率在2000年期间下降，现在急剧上升，部分原因是由于工作年龄福利大幅削减。

　　Since the election in 2015 the government has subtly adopted a new approach to austerity: less emphasis on spending cuts, more on tax rises.

　　自2015大选以来，政府巧妙地采用了一种新的紧缩政策：少关注削减开支，多关注增加税收。

　　In the average budget or autumn statement since then, the government has called for taxrises four times as big as the average in the parliament of 2010-15.

　　在平均预算或秋季声明之后，政府已呼吁比议会在2010-2015年的平均税收增加四倍。

　　Granted, the personal allowance for income tax has risen.

　　的确，个人所得税免税额已上升。

　　The headline rate of corporation tax has been cut.

　　公司税的总税率已被削减。

　　Yet increases in less-noticed charges such as environmental taxes, stamp duty (a levy onproperty transactions) and insurance-premium tax (levied on everything from holiday tovehicle insurance) have more than compensated.

　　然而，增加较少关注的费用，如环境税，印花税(物业交易税)和保险费税(征收的一切从假日到车辆保险)已超过所给的补偿了。

　　Mr Hammond is fast gaining a reputation as a tax-grabber.

　　哈蒙德很快赢得作为一个“税收-攫取者者”的名声。

　　In his first budget in March the chancellor pencilled in a reduction in the tax-free allowancefor dividend income from 5,000 pounds to 2,000 pounds.

　　财政大臣预计在三月第一个预算中为股息收入从5000英镑到2000英镑减少免税额。

　　He also proposed an increase in the national-insurance contributions paid by the self-employed—though this was hastily, and embarrassingly, withdrawn after an outcry fromnewspapers and Tory backbenchers.

　　他还提出增加在个体国民保险税，虽然这很匆忙，也令人尴尬，但在报社和保守党后座议员的强烈抗议后就撤回了。

　　In all, following recent revisions to official economic forecasts, it is now expected that in 2018-19 the tax burden, expressed as a percentage of GDP, will be at its highest level since themid-1980s.

　　总之，随着最近对官方经济预测的修订，现在预计在2018年-2019年度税负，用GDP的百分比表示，将达到自上世纪80年代中期以来的最高水平。

　　Mrs May's “instinct” may well be to lower taxes, but she cannot help being bound by Britain'sunforgiving fiscal arithmetic.

　　梅的“本能”可能是降低税收，但她不得不被英国无情的财政预算约束。

　　重点词组：

　　1.go up 提高

　　例句:I was going to get out of the building in case itwent up.

　　我怕大楼起火，正打算要跑出去。

　　2.budget deficit 预算赤字

　　例句:They're ready to cut the federal budget deficit for the next fiscal year.

　　他们已准备好削减下一财年的联邦预算赤字。

　　3.came to power 执政

　　例句:The country's economy has been in a state of decline ever since this government came topower.

　　这届政府上台后，国家的经济进入了衰退状态。

　　4.income tax 税收

　　例句:I wouldn't be in favour of income tax cuts.

　　我不会支持削减所得税。

　　5.core services 核心服务

　　例句:It has a strong safety record and industryconfidence in its core services is growing.

　　该公司安全记录良好，业界对其核心业务的信心也不断增强。

　　6.stamp duty 印花税

　　例句:Buyers need to pay different fees and taxes including stamp duty and GST to localgovernment.

　　投资者需要向当地政府缴付其他杂费和税项，主要包括印花税和消费税。

　　7.since then 从那以后

　　例句:Since then he has been drawing a pension.

　　从那时起他一直领退休金。

　　8.called for 呼吁

　　例句:Some executive members have called for his resignation.

　　一些执行委员会成员要求他辞职。

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